Kyphosis is a general name for diseases of the spine, in which the normal physiological curvature of individual parts of the spine is disturbed in the direction of increasing the angle of curvature. In children, kyphosis can be physiological and pathological. Depending on where exactly the deviation in the curvature is observed, the forms of the disease are distinguished according to the sections of the spinal column: lumbar (subspecies – lumbosacral); thoracic (subspecies – thoracolumbar); cervico-thoracic. With a kyphotic posture, the vertebrae are curved forward or backward.
Myotonic form – there is a violation of the tone of the paravertebral muscles, which is called myotonic syndrome. Such a kyphotic posture prevails in children and adolescents.
Kyphotic posture in a child is a deformation of the thoracic spine. In the presence of this defect, the back takes on a characteristic convex arcuate curvature. In other words, it is round. In addition, there may be a thickening in the neck and lower back.
Senile deformation of the chest, which occurs against the background of age-related changes – bone weakness due to excess salts, atrophic changes in the muscles, deterioration of blood supply. The position of the vertebrae can also be affected by the usual stoop of a person. Already at this time we can talk about the initial stages of kyphosis.
The main symptoms of kyphosis:
1) Visually, this form of posture manifests itself as follows: – excessive forward tilt of the head; – shoulders lowered forward; – shoulder blades protrude in the form of wings; – the back has a rounded protruding shape; – the stomach is protruding.
2) Kyphotic form of posture can cause a decrease in respiratory function of the lungs: – Shortness of breath; – Frequent diseases of the respiratory system; – Difficulty breathing in certain positions.
3) Manifestations of myofascial syndrome: – Pain; – Discomfort in the spine.
4) Constant stooping can cause impaired urination and defecation; 5) Pulling pain in the legs; 6) If the nerves are damaged, then the sensitivity of the skin decreases; 7) Paresthesia
Diagnostics
Visual examination – the doctor assesses posture, back curvature, and shoulder and shoulder blade symmetry.
Mobility test – checks the flexibility of the spine and range of motion.
X-ray – the main method for determining the angle of curvature (according to the Cobb method).
MRI / CT – clarify the condition of the intervertebral discs, spinal cord, and soft tissues.
Neurological assessment – checks sensitivity, muscle strength, and reflexes.
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